Analysis of Scientific Reasoning Abilities of Grade 5 Students on the Topic of Light and its Properties
Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Saintifik Peserta Didik Kelas 5 Pada Materi Cahaya dan Sifatnya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.9431Keywords:
; Elementary School Grade V, Kualitatif Deskriptif, Scientific ReasoningAbstract
Scientific reasoning is an essential cognitive skill in science learning, involving the ability to identify variables, test hypotheses, and draw evidence-based conclusions. This study aims to describe the scientific reasoning abilities of fifth-grade students at SD Negeri Sepande on the topic of light and its properties based on Lawson’s six indicators. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed with two high-achieving students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a scientific reasoning test, classroom observation, and semi-structured interviews, and analyzed through coding, data reduction, presentation, and tecnic triangulation. Student 1 showed limited ability in generalizing variable relationships within the correlation reasoning indicator, while Student 2 successfully fulfilled all six indicators more consistently. These results suggest that high-achieving students possess strong potential in scientific reasoning, yet still require learning experiences that emphasize hands-on experiments and exploratory activities to optimize all aspects of reasoning.
Downloads
References
Bao, L., Cai, T., Koenig, K., Fang, K., Han, J., Wang, J., Liu, Q., Ding, L., Cui, L., Luo, Y., Wang, Y., Li, E., & Wu, N. (2009). Physics: Learning and scientific reasoning. In Science (Vol. 323, Issue 5914, pp. 586–587).
D. Anggraini, Model Discovery Learning Berbasis Saintifik pada Materi IPAS, Jurnal Pendas Mahakam, STKIP PGRI Samarinda, 2022.
R. Hartati, Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Saintifik Berbasis Masalah untuk Siswa SD, IJEE, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 2024.
L. Kurniawati and T. Sari, "Hubungan Kemampuan Penalaran Saintifik dengan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Sifat Cahaya," Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 210-218, 2022.
Lawson, A. E. (2004). The Nature and Development of Scientific Reasoning: A Synthetic View. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2(3), 307–338
M. H. Nugroho and S. P. Putri, "Pengembangan Penalaran Saintifik Siswa SD melalui Model Pembelajaran Inquiry pada Materi Cahaya," Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 45-52, 2021.
D. R. Santoso, "Analisis Kesulitan Penalaran Saintifik Siswa SD dalam Pembelajaran IPA," Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, vol. 7, no. 4, 2021.
N. A. Rahmawati and E. Sari, "Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Interaktif terhadap Penalaran Saintifik Siswa Sekolah Dasar," Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, vol. 10, no. 3, 2022
D.F. Pratama and A. Widodo, Model CakraInventory dan Penalaran IPA Siswa SD, COLLASE, IKIP Siliwangi, 2023.
D.P. Kriswanti and Z.A.I. Supardi, Perangkat Pembelajaran Etnosains untuk Literasi dan Penalaran, Jurnal Education and Development, Institut Pendidikan Tapanuli Selatan, 2020.
F.W.P. Sari and B.N. Khair, Pendekatan Saintifik dan Hasil Belajar IPA, Journal of Classroom Action Research, Universitas Mataram, 2022.
A. Prastowo, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dalam Pendidikan, Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media, 2020.
J. Han, “Scientific reasoning: Research, development, and assessment,” Ph.D. dissertation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2013.
Alpian, R., & Anggoro, B. S. (2020). Students’ Mathematical Reasoning Analysis Based on Van Hiele Theory. Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 3(1), 96–105.
A. Setiawan and A. Widodo, “Penggunaan lembar observasi berbasis indikator untuk mengukur kemampuan penalaran ilmiah siswa,” Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 215–224, 2020.
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta. ISBN 979-8433-64-0.
R. L. Sutrisno, “Triangulasi teknik dalam penelitian kualitatif: Teori dan praktik di lapangan,” J. Ilmiah Penelitian dan Evaluasi, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 91–100, 2022.
M. B. Miles, A. M. Huberman, dan J. Saldaña, Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook, ed. ke-4, Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, 2020.
Nisa’ul Adillah, Roni Rodiyana, dan Ervina Wahyuningtyas, "Peningkatan hasil belajar sifat-sifat cahaya melalui metode eksperimen pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri Pegirian II Surabaya," Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 2022.
Yulia Winarsih dan Kuswara Kuswara, "Upaya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa dalam materi sifat-sifat cahaya melalui penerapan metode eksperimen di sekolah dasar," Basicedu, vol. 9, no. 1, 2023.
Yohn Ade Ardiyansyah dan Paidi Paidi, "Pengaruh penerapan hypothetico-deductive reasoning dalam learning cycle terhadap keterampilan proses sains dan pemahaman konsep siswa," Bioedukatika, vol. 5, no. 1, 2022.
Septina Severina Lumbantobing dan St Fatimah Azzahra, "Meningkatkan kemampuan bernalar siswa SD pada pembelajaran IPA dengan pendekatan pembelajaran saintifik dan kegiatan storytelling," EduMatSains: Jurnal Pendidikan, Matematika dan Sains, vol. 4, no. 2, 2020.
Muharoh Jemah, “Upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA pada materi sifat cahaya melalui metode eksperimen sederhana pada siswa kelas IV SDIT Al Furqon Kebayoran Lama,” Strategy: Jurnal Inovasi Strategi dan Model Pembelajaran, vol. 4, no. 4, 2021.
Poerwati C. E., I. M. E. Cahaya, dan N. M. A. Suryaningsih, "Pengaruh model pembelajaran problem based learning berbasis eksperimen sederhana dalam pengenalan sains anak usia dini," Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, vol. 6, no. 3, 2022.
Conny Dian Sumadi, "Tinjauan literatur: implementasi model pembelajaran terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi IPA sekolah dasar," Judika (Jurnal Pendidikan UNSIKA), vol. 12, no. 2, 2024.
Syondah N. dan S. N. Faizah, "Pengembangan e-LKPD IPA berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk melatih scientific reasoning siswa sekolah dasar," JPDI (Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam), 2021.
Naimatul Kasanah dan Enik Setiyawati, "Miskonsepsi siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal IPA menggunakan Certainty of Response Index di SD Negeri," Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, vol. 1, no. 4, 2024.
Sindi Cahaya Fitri dan Yaswinda Yaswinda, "Pengaruh percobaan sains penguapan terhadap kemampuan problem solving anak di TK IT Adzkia III Padang," Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, vol. 8, no. 1, 2024.
Downloads
Additional Files
Posted
License
Copyright (c) 2025 UMSIDA Preprints Server
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
