The Effect of Bowling on ADHD Children’s Concentration
Pengaruh Permainan Bowling Terhadap Konsentrasi Anak ADHD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.5734Keywords:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Bowling, Concentration, Play TherapyAbstract
This research is based on the results of an initial survey conducted at Kindergarten educational institutions and it was found that students diagnosed with ADHD in the mild category had difficulty concentrating while studying. The aim of this research is to increase the learning concentration of ADHD children through bowling. This research uses quantitative experimental methods with the Single-Subject Research Design (SSRD) technique with an A-B-A design. The intervention used is sensory integration therapy with a game of bowling. The data collection method uses observation. The data analysis used uses visual graphs and descriptions. The results of data analysis show an increase in concentration in ADHD children after applying the bowling game. This means that the game is effective in increasing learning concentration in ADHD children. Based on the results of this research, the researchers provide suggestions for providing treatment with bowling to children with ADHD.
Downloads
References
M. Aghaei, H. Janjani, F. Yousefian, A. Jamal, and M. Yunesian, “Association between ambient gaseous and particulate air pollutants and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children; a systematic review,” Environ Res, vol. 173, pp. 135–156, Jun. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.030.
I. A. P. L. Esalini and C. B. J. Lesmana, “Tingkat kemandirian anak attention deficit hyperactivity disorder dengan terapi perilaku di Yayasan Mentari Fajar Jimbaran Badung,” E-Jurnal Medika, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 2598, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum
N. I. U. Wakhaj and N. H. Rofiah, “Perilaku Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) dalam proses pembelajaran (studi kasus peserta didik) di kelas IV sd negeri gejayan,” Fundamental Pendidikan Dasar, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 65, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.12928/fundadikdas.v1i1.71.
P. Song, M. Zha, Q. Yang, Y. Zhang, X. Li, and I. Rudan, “The prevalence of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A global systematic review and meta-analysis,” J Glob Health, vol. 11, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: 10.7189/jogh.11.04009.
C. Reuben and N. Elgaddal, “Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Ages 5-17 Years: United States, 2020-2022,” United States, Mar. 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/index.htm.
N. Salari et al., “The global prevalence of ADHD in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” Ital J Pediatr, vol. 49, no. 1, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1186/s13052-023-01456-1.
S. R. de Lorient, Y. Setiawati, H. B. Hidayati, and P. S. Rejeki, “Relationship between sociodemographic factors and caregiver burden among mothers of elementary school students with ADHD symptoms in Surabaya : A cross-sectional study,” International Journal of Scientific Advances, vol. 4, no. 3, p. 475, 2023, doi: 10.51542/ijscia.v4i3.29.
K. Mechler, T. Banaschewski, S. Hohmann, and A. Häge, “Evidence-based pharmacological treatment options for ADHD in children and adolescents,” Pharmacol Ther, vol. 230, p. 107940, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107940.
C. Mohr-Jensen, T. Steen-Jensen, M. Bang-Schnack, and H. Thingvad, “What Do Primary and Secondary School Teachers Know About ADHD in Children? Findings From a Systematic Review and a Representative, Nationwide Sample of Danish Teachers,” J Atten Disord, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 206–219, Aug. 2015, doi: 10.1177/1087054715599206.
S. Young et al., “Females with ADHD: An expert consensus statement taking a lifespan approach providing guidance for the identification and treatment of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in girls and women,” BMC Psychiatry, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 404, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02707-9.
E. K. Braithwaite, A. Gui, and E. J. H. Jones, “Chapter 13 - Social attention: What is it, how can we measure it, and what can it tell us about autism and ADHD?,” in New Perspectives on Early Social-cognitive Development, vol. 254, S. Hunnius and M. B. T.-P. in B. R. Meyer, Eds., Elsevier, 2020, pp. 271–303. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.007.
Marliana, N. L. Putu S, and N. Maemunah, “Pengaruh Terapi Musik Klasik Terhadap Tingkat Konsentrasi Pada Anak Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (Adhd) Di Yayasan Bhakti Luhur Malang,” Journal Nursing News, vol. XI, no. 1, pp. 31–37, 2012, doi: 10.33366/nn.v2i1.143.
R. Drechsler, S. Brem, D. Brandeis, E. Grünblatt, G. Berger, and S. Walitza, “ADHD: Current concepts and treatments in children and adolescents,” Neuropediatrics, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 315–335, 2020, doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1701658.
F. Febriani, S. Syafar, and R. Rukiyah, “Pengembangan Permainan Pesan Berantai Untuk Konsentrasi Anak Di Kelompok a Tk Kartika Ii-1 Palembang,” Tumbuh Kembang: Kajian Teori dan Pembelajaran PAUD, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 69–82, 2019, doi: 10.36706/jtk.v6i1.8352.
I. K. Winata, “Konsentrasi dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Online Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19,” Jurnal Komunikasi Pendidikan, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 13, 2021, doi: 10.32585/jkp.v5i1.1062.
F. A. Noor and A. R. Sari, “Impact of Practical Life on Montessory Method on the Concentration of Children in Tk Pkk Bhakti Tamanan,” Cakrawala Dini: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 91–98, 2022.
L. E. Arnold, P. Hodgkins, J. Kahle, M. Madhoo, and G. Kewley, “Long-Term Outcomes of ADHD: Academic Achievement and Performance,” J Atten Disord, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 73–85, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1177/1087054714566076.
M. Masrum, J. Haris, H. Baharun, F. Fathorrozi, and S. Indrianti, “Learning Design based on Educational Game Guessing Words: Increasing Concentration in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children,” Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 10–18, 2023, doi: 10.46843/jiecr.v4i1.379.
M. M. Ratri, P. Wardhani, and I. Triyani, “The Influence Of Borneo Puzzle Game Based On Education Game Towards The Level Of Concentration Of Chidren With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) In The Extraordinary School Of Pontianak City,” Jurnal Kesehatan Manarang, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 112, 2023, doi: 10.33490/jkm.v9i2.722.
D. Wahyuni et al., “Introduction to Gender in Early Childhood Assisted by Flash Card Media,” Cakrawala Dini: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, vol. 15, no. 1, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.17509/cd.v15i1.65921.
G. V. Wibowo and S. Suyadi, “Penerapan Permainan Bahasa Guessing Games Berbasis Powerpoint dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara Anak Usia Dini,” Cakrawala Dini: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini;, vol. 12, no. 1, May 2021, doi: 10.17509/cd.v12i1.31060.
A. Doulou and A. Drigas, “ADHD: Causes and alternative types of intervention,” Scientific Electronic Archives, vol. 15, no. 2 SE-Educação e Ensino, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.36560/15220221514.
M. Y. Zanjani, M. Taher, A. A. Hosseinkhanzadeh, M. Nagdi, and A. Mojarrad, “The effectiveness of play therapy based on focusing on the range of attention and impulsivity level in students with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder,” Psychol Stud (Mysore), vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 1–5, 2020, doi: 10.22051/PSY.2020.28970.2061.
L. K. Anggraeni, S. B. Astuti, P. Wahyudie, O. A. Tanadda, and Y. Z. Mochtar, “Desain Modul Terapi Sensori Integrasi dan Elemen Estetis Interior dengan Media Puzle Bertekstur,” Jurnal Desain Interior, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 84, 2023, doi: 10.12962/j12345678.v7i2.15453.
S. Camarata, L. J. Miller, and M. T. Wallace, “Evaluating Sensory Integration/Sensory Processing Treatment: Issues and Analysis,” Front Integr Neurosci, vol. 14, no. November, pp. 1–13, 2020, doi: 10.3389/fnint.2020.556660.
G. Watari, A. B. Carmelita, and L. Sasmithae, “Literature Review: Hubungan Terapi Sensori Integrasi terhadap Perubahan Perilaku dan Konsentrasi Anak ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder): Literature Review: Relationship Integrated Sensory Therapy to Changes in Behavior and Concentration of ADH,” Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM), vol. 6, no. 2 SE-Articles, pp. 130–140, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.33084/jsm.v6i2.2130.
N. Rahmatul Azkiya, “Permainan sensori motorik untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi pada anak dengan ADHD,” Procedia : Studi Kasus dan Intervensi Psikologi, vol. 9, no. 4 SE-Journal, pp. 119–126, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.22219/procedia.v9i4.16459.
N. J. Harista and Madechan, “Permainan bowling terhadap kemampuan motorik kasar anak autis,” Jurnal Pendidikan Khusus, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2016, Accessed: Apr. 26, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id
D. K. Wardana, “Peningkatan kemampuan konsentrasi melalui permainan bowling pada anak autis,” Jurnal Pendidikan Khusus, pp. 1–7, 2017, Accessed: Apr. 27, 2024. [Online]. Available: htpps://ejournal.unesa.ac.id
D. Prima, M. Fauzi, and A. Imtihana, “Pengaruh permainan lempar tangkap bola terhadap koordinasi mata dan tangan anak kelompok B TK Anggrek Palembang tahun 2021,” Edukasia : Jurnal pendidikan dan pembelajaran, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 33–46, Mar. 2023, [Online]. Available: http://jurnaledukasia.org
Marliana, N. L. Putu Eka, and N. Maemunah, “Pengaruh terapi musik klasik terhadap tingkat konsentrasi pada anak Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) di Yayasan Bhakti Luhur Malang,” Nursing News , vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 65–71, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.33366/nn.v2i1.143.
B. R. Fitra and A. A. Sopandi, “Upaya mengurangi perilaku blindism melalui token economy pada anak tunanetra di SLB Negeri 2 Padang,” Penelitian Pendidikan Kebutuhan Khusus, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 30, 2024, Accessed: May 28, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/jupekhu/article/view/127454
J. R. Ledford, J. D. Lane, and K. E. Severini, “Systematic Use of Visual Analysis for Assessing Outcomes in Single Case Design Studies,” Brain Impairment, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 4–17, 2018, doi: DOI: 10.1017/BrImp.2017.16.
Y. Astuti and D. Suryana, “Pengaruh Metode Bermain Bowling Aritmatika untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini di TK Az-Zahra,” Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 10170–10177, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://teknikelektronika.com/analisis-regresi-linear-sederhana-simple-linear-regression/
Slameto, Belajar dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, 5th ed. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2010.
Nugroho, Belajar Mengatasi Hambatan Belajar . Surabaya: Prestasi Pustaka, 2007.
N. Gustiani, N. Asmiati, and T. Y. Pratama, “Penggunaan Metode Multisensori Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Anak Berkesulitan Belajar Membaca Di Sekolah Dasar,” Jurnal Holistika, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 49, 2022, doi: 10.24853/holistika.6.1.49-56.
S. Azizah, M. Widjanarko, E. Darmanto, and ..., “Interactive Learning Media 2D Educational Game to Improve Learning Effectiveness in Kindergarten Students,” ICCCM Journal of Social …, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 23–28, 2022, doi: 10.53797/icccmjssh.v1i1.4.2022.
F. Fara, R. Wondal, and N. Mahmud, “Kajian Penerapan Permainan Bowling Berbahan Bekas Pada Kemampuan Berhitung Permulaan Anak,” Jurnal Ilmiah Cahaya Paud, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 72–81, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.33387/cp.v2i1.2036.
H. Khaatimah and R. Wibawa, “Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition Terhadap Hasil Belajar,” Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pembelajaran, vol. 2, no. 2, 2017.
E. Syukria and R. Rahmahtrisilvia, “Efektivitas Token Economy Dalam Meningkatkan Ketahanan Duduk Pada Anak ADHD,” MSI Transaction on Education, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 29–36, 2022, doi: 10.46574/mted.v3i1.75.
E. DA Putri, E. Wahyuno, S. Y. Susilawati, and U. S. Ummah, “Keefektifan permainan playdough terhadap kemampuan motorik halus autis,” Ortopedagogia, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 97–104, Nov. 2021, [Online]. Available: http://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jo
D. Rahmadiani and K. Nur, “Pengaruh pembelajaran kontekstual terhadap kemampuan berhitung pengurangan pada siswa tunagrahita kelas 4,” Jurnal Ortopedagogia, vol. 1 (4), p. 304, 2015.
J. Taufan, A. Ardisal, and K. Y. Konitah, “Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Make A Match dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan bagi Anak Disleksia di Sekolah Dasar Penyelenggara Pendidikan Inklusif,” Jurnal Basicedu, vol. 4, no. 4 SE-Articles, pp. 1149–1159, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.31004/basicedu.v4i4.521.
E. N. Halimah, “Efektivitas model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap kontrol diri pada siswa gangguan emosi dan perilaku ringan di SD Negeri Baciro Yogyakarta,” Jurnal Widia Ortodidaktika, vol. 8, no. 7, p. 737, 2019.
K. R. McLeod, L. M. Langevin, B. G. Goodyear, and D. Dewey, “Functional connectivity of neural motor networks is disrupted in children with developmental coordination disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,” Neuroimage Clin, vol. 4, pp. 566–575, 2014, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2014.03.010.
R. Rahmaniah, F. Hayati, and A. Nasriadi, “Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Bilanganmelalui Permainan Bowling Anak Kelompok B Tk Al-Latif Mutiara Timur Kabupaten Pidie,” Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa …, vol. 1, no. 1, 2021.
S. Abadiah and S. A. Sidik, “Permainan Bowling Modifikasi Meningkatkan Pemahaman Instruksi Sederhana Anak Autis,” Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, vol. 8, no. 4 SE-Articles, pp. 1374–1380, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.31949/educatio.v8i4.3695.
H. Hermansyah, “Analisis Teori Behavioristik (Edward Thordinke) dan Implementasinya dalam Pembelajaran SD/MI,” MODELING: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI, vol. 7, no. 1 SE-Articles, Mar. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.36835/modeling.v7i1.547.
D. Maryani, N. Cholidah, E. Fauziati, and Maryadi, “Pembelajaran Komputasi dalam Perspektif Teori Behavioristik (Teori Edward Lee Thorndike),” Attractive : Innovative Education Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2022, doi: 10.51278/aj.v5i2.862.
O. Abdurakhman and R. K. Rusli, “Teori Belajar dan Pembelajaran,” Didaktika Tauhidi: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, vol. 2, no. 1 SE-Articles, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.30997/dt.v2i1.302.
N. H. Wildan and N. Malihah, “Implementasi Beberapa Teori dalam Aplikasi Sholat Fardhu (Studi: Teori Koneksionisme Edward L. Thorndike, Teori Belajar Medan Kurt Lewin, dan Teori Kondisioning Ivan Pavlop di Masjid Al-Ikhlas Sarirejo),” Attaqwa: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Islam, vol. 19, no. 1 SE-Articles, pp. 1–10, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.54069/attaqwa.v19i1.342.
H. Nurliasari and S. Gumiandari, “Keselarasan Dalam Teori Koneksionisme dan Prinsip Belajar Islam Serta Implementasinya Pada Remaja,” Terapan Informatika Nusantara, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 235–241, 2020.
R. E. Sulistyaningtyas, “Pengembangan model permainan tradisional untuk trauma healing pasca bencana pada anak usia dini,” Cakrawala Dini: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, vol. 10, no. 2, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.17509/cd.v10i2.20206.
D. Y. Swasthi, I. G. Suryawan, and A. R. Putri, “Analisis Permainan Bowling Sebagai Media Stimulasi Aspek Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini,” RAJULA: Journal of Early Childhood Education Studies, vol. 1, no. 2 SE-, pp. 168–179, Jun. 2024.
C. Singh, S. C, and J. K, “Efficacy of Mandala Coloring Intervention on Executive Functioning and Emotional & Motivational Self-Regulation Among Children With Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,” Cureus, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 1–9, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.7759/cureus.46919.
L. I. Mariyati, “Intelegensi dan Kesiapan Anak Masuk Sekolah Dasar,” Psyche: Jurnal Psikologi, vol. 1, no. 1, 2019, doi: doi.org/10.36269/psyche.v1i1.67.
Downloads
Additional Files
Posted
License
Copyright (c) 2024 UMSIDA Preprints Server
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
