The Effect of Guided Inquiry Learning Model Through Ice Cream Making Experiments on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of Fourth Grade Elementary School Students
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Melalui Eksperimen Pembuatan Es Krim terhadap Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.10656Keywords:
Guided Inquiry, Experiential Learning Models, Higher order thinking skills (HOTS)Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of the guided inquiry learning model through ice cream-making experiments on the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of fourth-grade elementary students. The research used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design, involving 53 students (25 in the experimental group and 28 in the control group). HOTS was measured using essay tests administered before and after the learning process. The results showed that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The independent sample t-test produced a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a significant difference between the two groups. The experimental group achieved a higher mean HOTS score (88.10) compared to the control group (77.86), with a difference of 10.24 points. It can be concluded that the guided inquiry model through experiments is effective in improving students’ higher-order thinking skills.
Downloads
References
M. Ariska et al., “Education for Sustainable Development Based of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge using Mixed-Methods Approach in Physics Teaching,” J. Penelit. Pengemb. Pendidik. Fis., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 421–434, 2024, doi: 10.21009/1.10217.
OECD, “Pisa 2025 Science Framework,” OECD (Organisation Econ. Co-operation Dev. Publ., no. May 2023, pp. 1–93, 2023.
T. Saputra, E. A. Purnomo, and I. Joko, “Peningkatan Kemampuan Higher Order Thinking Skills ( HOTS ) Melalui Optimaliasi Metakognitif Siswa : A Systematic Literature Review,” pp. 396–408, 2025.
Nurhaedah, Suarlin, and Y. Kartika Sari, “Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Siswa Sekolah Dasar,” Pinisi J. Educ., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 306–328, 2022.
A. Aditomo, “Laying the Foundations of Systemic Change in Education: Reflections on Indonesia’s Merdeka Belajar Reform,” Minist. Educ. Cult. Res. Technol. Repub. Indones., pp. 1–36, 2024, [Online]. Available: https://emis.kemenag.go.id/
H. P. Waseso, A. Sekarinasih, and S. Prasetyo, “Implementasi Pembelajaran Sains dalam Kurikulum Merdeka: Membangun Kemandirian Berpikir Siswa Sekolah Dasar,” Nusant. J. Pendidik. Indones., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1001–1016, 2024, doi: 10.14421/njpi.2024.v4i4-8.
I. Isnada and M. Al Muhajir, “Tipe Pembelajaran Aktif Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa,” J. Kependidikan Media, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 85–95, 2023, doi: 10.26618/jkm.v12i2.11934.
T. Udin and S. R. Arfanaldy, “Literature Analysis on Active Learning Models as an Alternative to the Dominance of Lecture Methods in Public Elementary Schools,” Edu Cendikia J. Ilm. Kependidikan, vol. 5, no. 01, pp. 23–32, 2025, doi: 10.47709/educendikia.v5i01.5674.
S. Ratno, N. U. Humaira, N. A. Rayhan, P. A. Lestari, and P. Sabatini, “Analisis Pembelajaran Kreatif Menggunakan Taksonomi Bloom Pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS di Kelas 3 SD,” Madani J. Ilm. Multidisipline, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 816–826, 2024.
M. F. F. Nurohman Dede, Abd Aziz, “Penerapan Metode Eksperimen dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Sains Materi Wujud Zat dan Perubahannya pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Karangharjo,” Kodifikasia J. Penelit. Islam. Vol 15, No. 01 (2021), 133-158, vol. 15, no. 01, pp. 133–158, 2021.
Muhammad Rafli, Agustina Arisanty, and Seri Hartati, “Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS di Sekolah Dasar,” J. Sustain. Educ., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 19–25, 2025, doi: 10.69693/jose.v2i1.144.
I. P. A. A. Saputra, I. M. C. Wibawa, and I. M. Suarjana, “The Analysis of Guided Inquiry Learning Model Influence towards Primary School Students Science Learning Outcomes,” J. Ilm. Sekol. Dasar, vol. 4, no. 3, p. 378, 2020, doi: 10.23887/jisd.v4i3.25865.
M. Isro and K. Listya Widhyastuti, “Tinjauan Literatur: Efektifitas Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Inquiry dalam Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar Literature Review: Effectiveness of Using Inquiry Learning Model in Science Learning in Elementary Schools,” IJoEd Indones. J. Educ., vol. 1, no. 3, p. 2025, 2025.
R. I. Arends, Learning to Teach, vol. 3, no. 1. 2015. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2015.06.056%0Ahttps://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-abstract/34/13/2201/4852827%0Ainternal-pdf://semisupervised-3254828305/semisupervised.ppt%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2013.02.005%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.10
I. Said, B. Hamzah, A. Kade, R. Ratman, and P. Ningsih, “Student’s learning outcomes through the application of guided inquiry learning model based on scientific approach in fundamental chemical laws,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1832, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1832/1/012058.
T. Hidayat and Andromeda, “Efektivitas penggunaan modul laju reaksi berbasis inkuiri terbimbing terintegrasi eksperimen untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa,” J. RESIDU, vol. 3, no. 13, pp. 69–76, 2019.
T. Siti Faujiati, Albert Lumbu, “Penerapan Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbasis Metode Eksperimen Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peerta Disik Kelas VIII,” vol. 4, no. 1, 2024.
F. Permatasari, M. A. I. Ghozali, and R. Purwati, “Efektivitas Metode Eksperimen Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Materi Perubahan Wujud Benda Kelas IV MI Ma’arif Sutawinangun Kabupaten Cirebon,” EduBase J. Basic Educ., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 110–116, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://journal.bungabangsacirebon.ac.id/index.php/edubase/article/view/682%0Ahttps://journal.bungabangsacirebon.ac.id/index.php/edubase/article/download/682/530
R. Yusriana, N. Bukit, and E. Djulia, “The Effect Of Guided Inquiry Learning Model on Student’s Science Process Skills and Cognitive Ability About Water Cycle in Elementary School,” vol. 384, no. Aisteel, pp. 61–65, 2020, doi: 10.2991/aisteel-19.2019.13.
S. M. Sari, C. Amelia, M. Syukri, and A. Lubis, “Terapan Multimedia Meningkatkan Hots Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sd Melalui Model Inkuiri Terbimbing,” Pros. Semin. Nas. Fak. Ilmu Sos. Univ. Negeri Medan, vol. 3, pp. 834–837, 2019, [Online]. Available: http://semnasfis.unimed.ac.id2549-435x
A. Manalu, “Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing (Guided Inquiry) Terhadap Higher Order of Thinking Skills (Hots),” J. Inov. pembelajaran Fis., vol. 1, pp. 54–60, 2021.
S. Nurrohmah, “Perbandingan Efektivitas Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Dengan Metode Eksperimen Riil,Virtual Dan Kombinasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif,” Anal. Pertanyaan Pada Buku Teks Ipa Smp Berdasarkan Quest. Categ. Syst. Sci. Pokok Bahasan Suhu, Kalor, Dan Pemuaian, pp. 1–183, 2023.
Soegiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. 2011.
K. Anderson, “Blooms Taxonomy Revised - Understanding the New Version of Bloom’s Taxonomy,” A Taxon. Learn. Teaching, Assess. A Revis. Bloom. Taxon. Educ. Object., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2016.
A. (2024). I. Batista, P., Mouraz, A., Viana, I., & Graça, “European Journal of Educational Research,” Eur. J. Educ. Res., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 859–872, 2022.
Ina Marthiani, “Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Penelitian Pemahaman Konsep Biologi,” J. Yudistira Publ. Ris. Ilmu Pendidik. dan Bhs., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 351–356, 2024, doi: 10.61132/yudistira.v2i2.727.
S. Marar, M. A. Hamza, M. Ayyash, and A. Abu-Shaheen, “Development and validation of an instrument to assess the knowledge and perceptions of predatory journals,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 11, p. e22270, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22270.
N. Mohd Razali and Y. Bee Wah, “Power comparisons of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Lilliefors and Anderson-Darling tests,” J. Stat. Model. Anal., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 13–14, 2011.
U. J. I. Homogenitas and D. A. N. Uji, “Pengujian Persyaratan Analisis,” vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 50–62, 2020.
B. C. Anjarwati and H. Nasrudin, “JSER Implementation of Guided Inquiry Based on Contextual Approach to Improve Students Critical Thinking Skills on Reaction Rate Material,” vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2022.
C. W. Lasut, “Penerapan HOTS Dan Metode Eksperimen Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Ipa Di Kelas V,” vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 307–319, 2022.
Downloads
Additional Files
Posted
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 UMSIDA Preprints Server
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
