The Correlation between Listening Anxiety and Listening Skill among B-1 Level EFL Learners in an Indonesian Kampung Inggris Pare Program
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.10383Keywords:
kampung inggris, foreign language listening anxiety, listening comprehension, B1 level, assesment designAbstract
Listening is a major source of input for Indonesian learners in an intensive program of Kampung Inggris, yet it is often stressful. This study investigates the relationship between foreign language listening anxiety (FLLA), a language-specific, non-test-bound affect, and listening achievement among B1-level EFL learners in a Kampung Inggris program. A CEFR B1 listening test based on the TOEFL and an adolescent-adapted FLLA questionnaire are completed by 40 students using a cross-sectional correlational design. A brief B1 hearing screening assignment and the institute's placement test are used to confirm B1 competency. The FLLA performance relationship is investigated using reliability, correlation, and basic regression analysis. The researchers postulated a negative correlation based on research on anxiety dynamics, cognitive load, and assessment format. Findings informed low-anxiety, strategy-aware teaching and CEFR A2-B1 listening test design in Indonesian EFL contexts.
Downloads
References
S. Ji, X. Qin, and K. LI, “A Systematic Review of Foreign Language Listening Anxiety: Focus on the Theoretical Definitions and Measurements,” Front Psychol, vol. 13, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.859021.
P. D. MacIntyre and M. F. McGillivray, “The inner workings of anxiety in second language learning,” Annu Rev Appl Linguist, vol. 43, pp. 88–104, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1017/S0267190523000065.
K. Li, X. Qin, S. Ji, and L. Zou, “The Effects of General Listening Anxiety and Listening Test Anxiety on Self-Perceived Listening Performance Among Chinese English Learners,” Psychol Res Behav Manag, vol. Volume 16, pp. 3541–3560, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S422030.
L. Wang and P. MacIntyre, “Second language listening comprehension: The role of anxiety and enjoyment in listening metacognitive awareness,” Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 491–515, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.14746/ssllt.2021.11.4.2.
F. Holzknecht and L. Harding, “Repeating the Listening Text: Effects on Listener Performance, Metacognitive Strategy Use, and Anxiety,” TESOL Quarterly, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 451–478, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1002/tesq.3249.
M. Rahimi and M. Sayyadi, “The cognitive load of listening activities of a cognitive-based listening instruction,” Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, vol. 9, no. 2, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.17509/ijal.v9i2.20236.
G. Astika and A. Kurniawan, “The challenges of using TED Talks as authentic resources of academic listening for EFL university students,” Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 589–598, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.17509/ijal.v9i3.23209.
F. M. Ivone and W. A. Renandya, “EXTENSIVE LISTENING AND VIEWING IN ELT,” TEFLIN Journal - A publication on the teaching and learning of English, vol. 30, no. 2, p. 237, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.15639/teflinjournal.v30i2/237-256.
A. N. Wulanjani, C. W. Anggraeni, and S. S. Yunianti, “Investigating the dimensions of students’ interaction in listening online learning environment amidst Covid-19 pandemic,” Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 321–333, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.17509/ijal.v12i2.51083.
R. A. Purnamaningwulan, “Listening journals to promote students’ critical thinking skills in an integrated Listening-Speaking Course,” Studies in English Language and Education, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 744–760, May 2022, doi: 10.24815/siele.v9i2.23387.
P. Resnik and J.-M. Dewaele, “Trait emotional intelligence, positive and negative emotions in first and foreign language classes: A mixed-methods approach,” System, vol. 94, p. 102324, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.system.2020.102324.
Q. Yu, “Foreign language anxiety research in System between 2004 and 2023: looking back and looking forward,” Front Psychol, vol. 15, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1373290.
J. X. Yan and J. Liang, “Foreign language anxiety and dependency distance in English–Chinese interpretation classrooms,” Front Psychol, vol. 13, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.952664.
S. K. Kwon and G. Yu, “Investigating differences in test-takers’ use of cognitive and metacognitive strategies in audio-only and video-based listening comprehension test,” System, vol. 114, p. 103017, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.system.2023.103017.
R. O. Lesnov, “Furthering the argument for visually inclusive L2 academic listening tests: The role of content-rich videos,” Studies in Educational Evaluation, vol. 72, p. 101087, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.stueduc.2021.101087.
R. O. Lesnov, “DOES VIDEO BELONG IN L2 ACADEMIC LISTENING TESTS? STAKEHOLDERS’ PERCEPTIONS ABOUT TEST DIFFICULTY, AUTHENTICITY, AND MOTIVATION,” International Journal of Listening, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 150–170, May 2024, doi: 10.1080/10904018.2022.2164718.
Y. Xiong et al., “A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Foreign Language Anxiety Interventions Among Students,” J Lang Soc Psychol, vol. 43, no. 5–6, pp. 620–650, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.1177/0261927X241291258.
E. Botes, J.-M. Dewaele, and S. Greiff, “Taking stock: A meta-analysis of the effects of foreign language enjoyment,” Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 205–232, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.14746/ssllt.2022.12.2.3.
I. W. Karimullah and N. Mukminatien, “Problems faced and strategies applied by test-takers in completing the TOEFL iBT Test,” Studies in English Language and Education, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 574–590, May 2022, doi: 10.24815/siele.v9i2.23129.
Y. Liu, M. Zhang, X. Zhao, and F. Jia, “Fostering EFL/ESL Students’ Language Achievement: The Role of Teachers’ Enthusiasm and Classroom Enjoyment,” Front Psychol, vol. 12, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.781118.
F. Zhang and X. Wu, “Motivation and anxiety in Chinese EFL students’ listening process: An idiodynamic approach,” Language Teaching Research, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1177/13621688241268632.
M. H. Al-Khresheh and S. F. Alruwaili, “Metacognition in listening comprehension: Analyzing strategies and gender differences among Saudi EFL University students,” Cogent Soc Sci, vol. 10, no. 1, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1080/23311886.2023.2291954.
Y. Jiang and J.-M. Dewaele, “How unique is the foreign language classroom enjoyment and anxiety of Chinese EFL learners?,” System, vol. 82, pp. 13–25, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.system.2019.02.017.
S. Zheng and X. Zhou, “Enhancing Foreign Language Enjoyment through Online Cooperative Learning: A Longitudinal Study of EFL Learners,” Int J Environ Res Public Health, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 611, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010611.
J. Fathi and F. Mohammaddokht, “Foreign Language Enjoyment and Anxiety as the Correlates of the Ideal L2 Self in the English as a Foreign Language Context,” Front Psychol, vol. 12, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.790648.
C. E. F. of Reference, Companion volume, vol. 278. 2020. [Online]. Available: http://universitypublishingonline.org/cambridge/histories/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139055895
J. W. Creswell and J. D. Creswell, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 6th ed. Thousand Oaks: CA: SAGE Publications, 2022.
A. N. (et al.), “The Need Analysis of Participation in an English Immersion Village at Kampung Inggris Pare,” International Journal of Language Education / ERIC full text. Accessed: Jan. 29, 2026.
W. Taufiq, D. R. Santoso, and N. Fediyanto, “Critical Analysis on TOEFL ITP as a Language Assessment,” in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Intellectuals’ Global Responsibility (ICIGR 2017), Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, vol. 125, pp. 226–229, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.2991/icigr-17.2018.55. (atlantis-press.com)
Downloads
Additional Files
Posted
License
Copyright (c) 2026 UMSIDA Preprints Server

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
