Differences in ALP and Gamma GT levels of Hepar Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Induced by Toxic Doses of Paracetamol by Administration of Turi Leaf Extract (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.)
Perbedaan kadar ALP dan Gamma GT Hepar Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang di Induksi Parasetamol Dosis Toksik dengan Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.9300Keywords:
ALP, Antioxidant, Turi leaf, Gamma GT, Paracetamol, MDA, Liver of Rattus norvegicusAbstract
(Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) contains bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins, which exhibit natural antioxidant activity. This study involved 28 rats divided into 7 groups, including a negative control and treatment groups receiving turi leaf extract at doses of 500, 750, and 1000 mg/kgBW. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured as indicators of oxidative stress, while Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) were assessed to evaluate liver damage. One Way ANOVA showed significant differences in MDA and ALP levels (p<0.05), whereas the Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in ALP extract and GGT levels (p<0.05). Administration of the 1000 mg/kgBW dose was most effective in reducing MDA, ALP, and GGT levels close to normal values, indicating the hepatoprotective potential of turi leaf extract against paracetamol-induced liver injury.
Downloads
References
W. O. S. Musnina, R. Wulaisfan, J. Akhyar, And Y. Yuyun, “Potensi Antioksidan Fraksi Organik Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora L.) Menggunakan Pereaksi Dpph,” Medula, Vol. 9, No. 2, P. 78, Apr. 2022, Doi: 10.46496/Medula.V9i2.25291.
A. Indrawati, D. Isnaeni, S. Baharuddin, And N. Luthfiah, “Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Pseudomonas Aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus,” Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian, Vol. 3, No. 2, Pp. 231–240, Jul. 2022.
J. M. G. Masengi, G. A. K. D. Puspawati, And A.A. Istri Sri Wiadnyani, “Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Cair Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora),” Itepa, Vol. 9, No. 2, Pp. 242–250, Jun. 2020, Doi: 10.24843/Itepa.2020.V09.I02.P14.
M. Silalahi, “Utilization Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. As Traditional Medicine And Its Bioactivity,” World J. Bio. Pharm. Health Sci., Vol. 13, No. 1, Pp. 242–249, Sep. 2023, Doi: Https://Doi.Org/10.30574/Wjbphs.2023.13.1.0272.
D. H. Pulu And I. M. A. Sudarma, “Performans Pertumbuhan Tanaman Turi Pupuk Bokashi Feses Sapi Sumba Ongole Dan Daun Chromolaena Odorata dengan Level Berbeda,” Snppvp, Vol. 3, No. 1, Pp. 434–444, Jul. 2022, Doi: Https://Doi.Org/10.47687/Snppvp.V3i1.329.
E. Kurniawati, T. P. Lestari, And P. Hardini, “Perbedaan Kadar Tanin Total Ekstrak Daun Turi (Sesbania Grandiflora L.) Varietas Merah Dan Putih Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis,” Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia, Vol. 6, No. 2, Pp. 329–343, May 2024, Doi: 10.33759/Jrki.V6i2.520.
S. S. Ayoub, “Paracetamol (Acetaminophen): A Familiar Drug With An Unexplained Mechanism Of Action,” Temperature, Vol. 8, No. 4, Pp. 351–371, Oct. 2021, Doi: 10.1080/23328940.2021.1886392.
Sutomo, M. Rafi, And Arnida, “Pengaruh Pemberian Fraksi Etil Asetat Buah Kasturi (Mangifera Casturi Kosterm.) Terhadap Gambaran Makroskopis-Mikroskopis Organ Hati Tikus Putih Jantan,” Jurnal Pharmascience, Vol. 6, No. 1, Pp. 106–113, Mar. 2019, Doi: 10.20527/Jps.V6i1.6082.
I. W. Mudiana, I. G. N. Sudisma, N. L. E. Setiasih, And I. W. Sudira, “Gambaran Histologi Hati Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diberikan Ekstrak Bunga Kecubung (Datura Metel L.) Sebagai Anestesi,” Acta Vet Indones, Vol. 11, No. 2, Pp. 102–108, Jul. 2023, Doi: 10.29244/Avi.11.2.102-108.
S. Rahimah, A. Awaluddin, And N. Wahyuddin, “Pengaruh Fraksi Daun Asam Jawa (Tamarindus Indica L.) Terhadap Fungsi Hati Dan Ginjal Tikus Di Induksi Parasetamol,” Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia, Vol. 12, No. 2, Pp. 155–162, Aug. 2022, Doi: Https://Doi.Org./10.22 435/Jki.V12i2.5955.
J. Pusmarani, L. O. N. Ashar, M. Ifaya, And N. H. A. Khalid, “Efek Nefroprotektif Kulit Pisang Raja (Musa Paradisiaca Var. Sapientum) Terhadap Kadar Kreatinin Tikus Yang Di Induksi Parasetamol,” Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia, Vol. 9, No. 1, Pp. 119–124, Jun. 2023, Doi: 10.35311/Jmpi.V9i1.320.
J. M. Koch, “Restoring A Jarrah Forest Understorey Vegetation After Bauxite Mining In Western Australia,” Restoration Ecology, Vol. 15, No. S4, Dec. 2007, Doi: 10.1111/J.1526-100x.2007.00290.X.
O. V. Ermanita, R. A. Handayani, E. Muharamah, And D. Purbayanti, “Review: Gambaran Aktivitas Enzim Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (Ggt) Pada Pemain Game Online Di Kecamatan Jekan Raya,” Borneo J Med Lab Tech, Vol. 3, No. 1, Pp. 189–196, Oct. 2020, Doi: 10.33084/Bjmlt.V3i1.1714.
N. I. Hanifa And W. Widyaningsih, “Efek Hepatoprotektif Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sidaguri (Sida Rhombifolia L.) Terhadap Aktivitas Alkalin Fosfatase Serum Tikus Yang Diinduksi Karbon Tetraklorida,” Acta Pharm Indo, Vol. 8, No. 2, P. 45, Sep. 2020, Doi: 10.20884/1.Api.2020.8.2.2929.
M. H. Pramesti, “Pengaruh Ekstrak Kunir Putih (Curcuma Zedoaria) Terhadap Kadar Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (Ggt) Studi Eksperimental Pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar Model Diabetes Melitus,” Nov. 2024.
J. Rohmah, I. A. Saidi, C. S. Rini, D. A. Masyitha, D. N. Ramadhani, And H. P. Wulandari, “Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol, Etil Asetat, Dan N-Heksana Batang Turi Putih (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Dengan Metode Dpph (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl),” Jurnal Kimia Riset, Vol. 5, No. 1, Pp. 67–85, Jun. 2020, Doi: 10.20473/Jkr.V5i1.20900.
F. A. Ivandah And J. Rohmah, “Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Turi Putih (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Terhadap Organ Hati Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Novergicus) Parameter Sgot Dan Sgpt Yang Di Induksi Paracetamol Dosis Toksik,” Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Accessed: Nov. 25, 2024. [Online]. Available: Https://Archive.Umsida.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Archive/Preprint/Download/6498/46669/52299
M. A. Hidayat And J. Rohmah, “White Turi Flower Acute Toxicity Test (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) On Organs Kidney Electrolyte Parameters ( Na And K) In Male White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Wistar Strain”, Accessed: Sep. 17, 2024. [Online]. Available: Https://Www.Researchgate.Net/Publication/373322163_White_Turi_Flower_Acute_Toxicity_Test_Sesbania_Grandiflora_L_Pers_On_Organs_Kidney_Electrolyte_Parameters_Na_And_K_In_Male_White_Rats_Rattus_Norvegicus_Wistar_Strain_Uji_Toksisitas_Akut_Ekstrak_Bunga_
A. C. G. Sijabat, S. Isdadiyanto, And A. J. Sitasiwi, “Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Dengan Induksi Pakan Tinggi Lemak Setelah Pemberian Biji Mahoni,” J. Ilmu. Pertan. Indones., Vol. 29, No. 3, Pp. 482–490, Mar. 2024, Doi: 10.18343/Jipi.29.3.482.
P. Sri Rejeki, E. A. C. Putri, And R. E. Prasetya, Overiektomi Pada Tikus Dan Mencit, 1st Ed. Surabaya: Pusat Penerbitan Dan Percetakan Universitas Airlangga, 2018. [Online]. Available: Https://Repository.Unair.Ac.Id/94079/1/Overiektomi%20pada%20tikus%20dan%20mencit_Compressed.Pdf
K. Alipin And N. R. N. Azizah, “Morfologis Dan Berat Relatif Organ Hati Tikus Yang Diinduksi Karagenan Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Kombinasi Rimpang Temulawak Dan Buah Belimbing Wuluh”.
M. F. Saerang, H. J. Edy, And J. P. Siampa, “Formulasi Sediaan Krim Dengan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gedi Hijau (Abelmoschus Manihot L.) Terhadap Propionibacterium Acnes,” Pha, Vol. 12, No. 3, Pp. 350–357, Aug. 2023, Doi: 10.35799/Pha.12.2023.49075.
J. Villano. Hm-64: Sop On Rat Cage Density. 2022. Johns Hopkins University
A. Anindyaguna, S. Mustofa, D. I. Anggraini, And R. Z. Oktarlina, “Drug-Induced Liver Injury Akibat Penyalahgunaan Parasetamol”.
Gelda Myrna Parwanty, Nur Azizah, And Azmi Darotulmutmainah, “Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Anggur Merah (Vitis Vinifera Linn) Menggunakan Metode Thomson Dan Weil Pada Tikus Putih Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus),” Cerata, Vol. 14, No. 1, Pp. 1–11, Sep. 2023, Doi: 10.61902/Cerata.V14i1.759.
E. Edi And N. Bete, “Karakterisasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksi Dan Ekstrak Buah Sirih (Piper Betle L.) Asal Pulau Timor,” Vol. 10, No. 2, 2025.
“Pembuatan Natrium Karboksimetil Selulosa (Na-Cmc Dari Kulit Kapuk Randu (Ceiba Pentandra L. Gaernt) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Trikloroasetat Dan Suhu.”
I. M. Merdana, I. M. Kardena, K. Budiasa, And I. M. D. Gunawan, “Histopathological Structure Of White Rats Liver After Giving Ant Nest Extract Due To Induced Paracetamol Toxic Dose,” Bulvet, P. 14, Jan. 2019, Doi: 10.24843/Bulvet.2019.V11.I01.P03.
A. Febrianti And J. Rohmah, “Antioxidant Activity Of Turi Bark Ekstract (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) On Liver Organs Sgot And Sgpt Parameters In Rats Induced By Toxic Doses Of Paracetamol [Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Batang Turi (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Terhadap Organ Hati Parameter Sgot Dan Sgpt Pada Tikus Yang Di Induksi Paracetamol Dosis Toksik],” Vitamin C.
R. F. Alhafiz And J. Rohmah, “Antioxidant Activity Of Turi Bark Extract (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Against Kidney Organs Bun And Creatinine Parameters In Rats Induced By Toxic Doses Of Paracetamol [Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Batang Turi (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Terhadap Organ Ginjal Parameter Bun Dan Kreatinin Pada Tikus Yang Di Induksi Parasetamol Dosis Toksik]”.
M. F. W. Festing And D. G. Altman, “Guidelines For The Design And Statistical Analysis Of Experiments Using Laboratory Animals,” Ilar Journal, Vol. 43, No. 4, Pp. 244–258, Jan. 2002, Doi: 10.1093/Ilar.43.4.244.
N. Moiré Et Al., “Acetaminophen, A New Tool For The Refinement Of The Experimental Infection Of Toxoplasmosis In Mice,” Sci Rep, Vol. 15, No. 1, P. 22157, Jul. 2025, Doi: 10.1038/S41598-025-06849-2.
R. Figueroa-Méndez And S. Rivas-Arancibia, “Vitamin C In Health And Disease: Its Role In The Metabolism Of Cells And Redox State In The Brain,” Front. Physiol., Vol. 6, Dec. 2015, Doi: 10.3389/Fphys.2015.00397.
S. Padayatty And M. Levine, “Vitamin C: The Known And The Unknown And Goldilocks,” Oral Diseases, Vol. 22, No. 6, Pp. 463–493, Sep. 2016, Doi: 10.1111/Odi.12446.
G. Grosso, A. Mateo, N. Rangelov, T. Buzeti, And C. Birt, “Nutrition In The Context Of The Sustainable Development Goals,” European Journal Of Public Health, Vol. 30, No. Supplement_1, Pp. I19–I23, Mar. 2020, Doi: 10.1093/Eurpub/Ckaa034.
A. G. Panggayo And J. Rohmah, “Antioxidant Activity Of White Turi (Sesbania Grandiflora(L.) Pers.) Leaf Extract On The Kidney Organ Of White Rats, Bun And Creatinin Parameters Induced By Toxic Doses Of Paracetamol [Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Turi Putih (Sesbania Grandiflora(L.) Pers.) Terhadap Organ Ginjal Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Novergicus) Parameter Bun Dan Creatinin Yang Di Induksiparacetamol Dosis Toksik]”.
A. Kuttiappan Et Al., “Hepatoprotective Effect Of Flavonoid Rich Fraction Of Sesbania Grandiflora: Results Of In Vivo, In Vitro, And Molecular Docking Studies,” Journal Of Ayurveda And Integrative Medicine, Vol. 15, No. 5, P. 101036, Sep. 2024, Doi: 10.1016/J.Jaim.2024.101036.
Oecd, Test No. 407: Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study In Rodents. In Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals, Section 4. Oecd Publishing, 2025. Doi: 10.1787/9789264070684-En.
J. Balcombe, “Laboratory Routines Cause Animal Stress”.
R. Indrayana, “Efek Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Salam (Syzygium Polyanthum [Wight.] Walp.) Pada Serum Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar Yang Diinduksi Karbon Tetraklorida (Ccl4) Skripsi”.
J. Rohmah, N. R. Rachmawati, And S. Nisak, “Perbandingan Daya Antioksidan Ekstrak Aseton Daun,” 2018.
I. Haryadi And N. Hidayati, “Ekstraksi Zat Warna Dari Daun Jambu Biji Australia (Psidium Guajava L),” Indonesia Journal Of Halal, Vol. 1, No. 2, P. 97, Dec. 2018, Doi: 10.14710/Halal.V1i2.4180.
Universitas Telkom, L. S. Samosir, Y. R. Putri, And S. Nurfebrianing, “Pengaruh Penggunaan Brand Ambassador Dewi Sandra Terhadap Putusan Pembelian Kosmetik Wardah Di Kota Bandung,” Sostek, Vol. 15, No. 2, Pp. 233–240, Aug. 2016, Doi: 10.5614/Sostek.Itbj.2016.15.02.6.
M. Febry And U. Usman, “Phytochemical And Toxicity Test Of Methanols Extract Of Bintaro Plant,” 2024.
A. Ayala, M. F. Muñoz, And S. Argüelles, “Lipid Peroxidation: Production, Metabolism, And Signaling Mechanisms Of Malondialdehyde And 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal,” Oxidative Medicine And Cellular Longevity, Vol. 2014, Pp. 1–31, 2014, Doi: 10.1155/2014/360438.
H. M. Hassan Et Al., “Phytic Acid Attenuates Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity Via Modulating Iron-Mediated Oxidative Stress And Sirt-1 Expression In Mice,” Front. Pharmacol., Vol. 15, P. 1384834, May 2024, Doi: 10.3389/Fphar.2024.1384834.
S. C. Sahu And A. Tsatsakis, “Micrornas: Potential Biomarkers Of Toxicity: A Special Issue Of The Journal Toxicology Reports,” Toxicology Reports, Vol. 7, Pp. 198–199, 2020, Doi: 10.1016/J.Toxrep.2020.01.001.
N. M. Suryaningsih, I. A. T. Dewi, N. K. A. Suksmawati, N. P. R. A. Putri, N. M. Febrianti, And N. K. Warditiani, “Pengaruh Kadar Sgot Sgpt Dan Morfologi Hepar Tikus Putih Betina Wistar Pada Pemberian Isolat Andrografolid,” Jfu, P. 34, Jul. 2017, Doi: 10.24843/Jfu.2017.V06.I01.P06.
M. W. Setyowati, “Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C Terhadap Kadar Malondialdehyde (Mda), Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb), Dan Kadar Interleukin–6 (Il–6) Pada Tikus Wistar Jantan Yang Diberi Overtraining Exercise,” Pp. 47–48, Oct. 2023.
A. P. Firdaus And J. Rohmah, “Antioxidant Activity Of White Turi (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers) Leaf Extract On Heart Organ Parameters Ck-Mb And Cholesterol In Rats Induced With Toxic Doses Of Paracetamol [Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Turi Putih (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers) Terhadap Organ Jantung Parameter Ck-Mb Dan Kolesterol Pada Tikus Yang Di Induksi Paracetamol Dosis Toksik]”.
P. A. U. Husna, C. F. Kairupan, And P. M. Lintong, “Tinjauan Mengenai Manfaat Flavonoid Pada Tumbuhan Obat Sebagai Antioksidan Dan Antiinflamasi”.
A. R. Utami, I. K. Berata, And I. M. Merdana, “Efek Pemberian Propolis Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Putih Yang Diberi Parasetamol,” Vol. 9, 2017.
S. W. Kirana And J. Rohmah, “Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Bunga Turi Putih (Sesbania Grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Pada Hati Tikus Putih (Rattus Novergicus),” Jurnal Penelitian, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2023.
“Hepatoprotective Activity Of Sinigrin And Carvacrol Against Paracetamol Induced Liver Injury In Wistar Rats,” Ijpsr, Vol. 15, No. 3.
D. Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. Serum Chemistry Reference Ranges Rat. 2013 [online]
Studi Ekspresi Tnf Alfa Dan Kadar Gamma-Gt Pada Tikus (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Kloramfenikol Dan Diterapi Ekstrak Propolis Trigona Sp.”
A. U. Samuel, O. S. Nnamdi, E. Darmian, E. C. Elizabeth, O. Janeth, And O. B. Nzube, “Evaluating Methods Of Rat Euthanasia On The Liver And Kidney Of Wistar Rats: Cervical Dislocation, Chloroform Inhalation, Diethyl Ether Inhalation And Formalin Inhalation”.
V. V. K. Kila, “Uji Toksisitas Subkronik Produk Herbal Hepatoprotektor (Heparmin®) Terhadap Bobot Organ Jantung, Hati, Dan Ginjal Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Subcronic Toxicity Test Of Hepatoprotector Product (Heparmin®) On The Weight Of Heart, Liver, And Kidney Of,” 2023.
A. N. Parinduri And H. Febriani, “Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Karanda (Carissa Carandas L.) Terhadap Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Diabetes Melitus,” Vol. 6.
M. V. L. Tumbol, E. V. Rambi, And T. Mamuaya, “Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Pakoba (Tricalysia Minahassae) Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Hepar,” Vol. 7, No. 5, 2018.
M. Wowor, L. Loho, And P. M. Lintong, “Gambaran Histopatologik Hati Tikus Wistar Yang Diberikan Sari Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus Polyrhisus) Dan Parasetamol,” Ebm, Vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 2018, Doi: 10.35790/Ebm.6.1.2018.18680.
Downloads
Additional Files
Posted
License
Copyright (c) 2025 UMSIDA Preprints Server

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
