Analysis of Health Belief Model (HBM) and Parental Participation in Posyandu After Complete Basic Immunization

Analisis Health Belief Model (HBM) dan Partisipasi Orang Tua ke Posyandu Pasca Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap

Abstract

Parental visits to Posyandu in Pasuruan Regency remain low, with only 53.72% coverage of complete basic immunization in 2023. Visits were highest for infants aged 0-6 months, but decreased significantly afterward. This study applied the Health Belief Model (HBM) to analyze factors influencing parental participation in Posyandu post-immunization, including perceptions of vulnerability, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Using a cross-sectional design, a sample of 61 toddlers aged 1-5 years was selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via a validated questionnaire and analyzed with Spearman’s rho test. Results indicated that only the perception of benefits significantly correlated with participation (p = 0.027; r = 0.283). Other factors, such as perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy, showed no significant relationships (p > 0.05). Perception of benefits plays a key role in boosting participation, and the HBM approach can help reinforce this to increase visits.