Legal Protection for Creditors in Invoice Financing against the Risk of Debtor Default and the Validity of Invoices as Credit Collateral
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Kreditur dalam Pembiayaan Invoice Financing terhadap Risiko Wanprestasi Debitur dan Validitas Tagihan (invoice) sebagai Objek Jaminan Kredit
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.11271Keywords:
Invoice Financing, Legal Protection, Assignment of Receivables, CessieAbstract
Invoice financing is increasingly used by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) as an alternative to conventional bank financing by using invoices as the basis for funding. However, this practice raises legal issues regarding the validity of invoices as collateral and the legal protection of creditors against debtor default. This study analyzes the legal protection available to creditors and examines the legal status of invoices under Article 613 of the Indonesian Civil Code through the cession mechanism. Using a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study finds that cession strengthens creditors’ legal position as holders of the right to collect. Nevertheless, legal protection remains insufficient due to the absence of specific regulations governing invoice financing, highlighting the need for a stronger legal framework to ensure legal certainty and transaction security.
Downloads
References
B. P. M. Jaya, M. Fasyehhudin, and W. Naddifah, “Kebijakan Pemerintah Tentang Merek Dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap UMKM,” Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 98–105, Sep. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v10i2.2333.
Kusmiati, Eti, UMKM Eceng GondokPerkembangan, Kendala dan Tantangan. Sumedang: Mega Press Nusantara, 2025.
A. L. Tenritata, A. Afriana, and N. Harrieti, “Kepastian Hukum Terkait Pengalihan Piutang (Cessie) dalam Praktik Kredit Pemilikan Rumah Ditinjau Dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata,” Jurnal Poros Hukum Padjadjaran, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 327–340, May 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.23920/jphp.v3i2.765.
Ardiyanti, Nur “Tinjauan Hukum Ekonomi Islam Terhadap Praktik Invoice Financing Pada Financial Technology Peer to Peer Lending Syariah di Aplikasi Alami,” Cirebon: IAIN Syekh Nurjati, 2023. Accessed: Dec. 07, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://repository.syekhnurjati.ac.id/12655/.
“Penyelenggara Fintech Lending Berizin di OJK per 31 Januari 2025.” Accessed: Dec. 07, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ojk.go.id/id/kanal/iknb/data-dan-statistik/direktori/fintech/Pages/Penyelenggara-Fintech-Lending-Berizin-di-OJK-per-31-Januari-2025.aspx?utm_source/.
H. Ismi, “Analisa Pengalihan Piutang (Cessie) Berdasarkan Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Pekanbaru Nomor: 13/PDT/2017/PT.PBR Junto Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Bangkinang Nomor: 6/PDT.G/2016/PN.BKN,” Journal of Health Education Law Information and Humanities, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 428-441, Feb 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.57235/helium.v2i1.5168.
F. Salekhah, “Analisis Invoice Financing Pada Fintech Syariah (PT. Alami Fintek Sharia),” Al-Madaris J. Pendidik. Dan Studi Keislam., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 13–25, Jun. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.47887/amd.v2i1.17.
Tendra, Deny, “Relevansi Yurisprudensi Mahkamah Agung RINo.1506 K/Pdt/2002 dalam Transaksi Bisnis Internasional,” Unes Law Review, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 349-356, Desember 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.
C. Chairunnisa, L. Sudirman, and H. S. Disemadi, “Legal Framework for Trademark Manifestation as Collateral Financing to Enhance the Capacity of MSMEs in Indonesia,” Widya Yuridika, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 445–458, Aug. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.31328/wy.v7i2.5117.
Abubakar, Lastuti dan Tri Handayani, “Penguatan Regulasi dan Perjanjian: Upaya Optimalisasi Anjak Piutang sebagai Alternatif Pembiayaan Perusahaan,” Masalah-Masalah Hukum, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 280-289, Juli 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.49.3.2020.280-289.
Quran, Amanah Aida, “Anjak Piutang (Factoring) sebagai Bentuk Akad Muamalah Modern,” El-Jisya, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 193-210, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.24090/ej.v5i2.1885.
S. Muslim, “Legal Protection for Parties in Transferring Receivables from Factoring Transactions (Factoring),” Yuridika, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 153–178, Mar. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v37i1.32169.
D. Tesa, Saidin, D. Harianto, and M. Kaban, “Analisis Yuridis Anjak Piutang (Factoring) Oleh Perusahaan Pembiayaan Dalam Hal Debitur Wanprestasi (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 385 K/Pdt/2018),” Media Akademik, vol. 2, no. 1, Jan. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.62281/v2i1.76.
Purwaningsih, S. Budi. Hukum Jaminan dan Agunan Kredit Dalam Praktek Perbankan di Indonesia. Sidoarjo: Umsida Press, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.21070/2019/978-623-7578-05-5.
M. T. Multazam, R. R. Phahlevy, R. A. Huzairin, and M. I. Purnama, “Standards for conducting legal due diligence: Current developments: Standar dalam melakukan uji tuntas hukum: Perkembangan saat ini,” Indones. J. Law Econ. Rev., vol. 15, p. 6-14, May 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.21070/ijler.v15i0.762.
Is, Muhammad Sadi ,“ Kepastian Hukum Terhadap Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia,” Yudisial, vol. 13, no.3,pp.311-327, Desember 2020,doi: https://doi.org/10.29123/jy.v13i3.345.
Sihombing, Agustinus. Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen. Pasaman Barat: Azka Pustaka, 2023.
Jody, Exca Sukas, “Perlindungan Hukum bagi Lender dalam Klausul Syarat dan Ketentuan Platform Peer-to-Peer Lending di Indonesia,” Majelis:Jurnal Hukum Indonesia, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 222-232, Februari 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.62383/majelis.v3i1.1538.
Asyifa, Faradilla Kurnia, “Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Fintech Syariah: Kajian Gagal Bayar pada Skema Peer-to-Peer Lending,” Custodia: Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 198-207, Juni 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.65310/v06mcz76.
S. Fernanda and A. A. Nugroho, “Invoice Sebagai Perlindungan Hukum Pemasok Jasa Boga Terhadap Konsumen Wanprestasi Pada Pembayaran Berjangka,” USM Law Revie, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 191–208, Apr. 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v6i1.6726.
Salviana, Fries Melia, “Perlindungan Hukum Perusahaan Anjak Piutang Terhadap Terjadinya Risiko Akibat Pre Invoicing,” Surabaya: Universitas Wijaya Kusuma, 2019. Accessed: Dec. 07, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://erepository.uwks.ac.id/13196/.
M. Mustofa and E. Suprapti, “Cessie Transfer of Receivables and its Legal Consequences for the Guarantee of Dependent Rights,” Sebatik, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 353-362, Dec. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v28i2.2470.
S. Ningsih, F. Yetty, and L. P. Sari, “Analisis Strategi dan Efektivitas Pengembangan UKM Melalui Pembiayaan Invoice Syariah Pada PT. Investree di Masa Pandemi Covid-19,” Ekonomi Syariah Pelita Bangsa, vol. 6, no. 02, pp. 126–137, Oct. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.37366/jespb.v6i02.242.
Gustami, Nabila Rahma, “Perlindungan Hukum Lender Dalam Transaksi Peer to Peer Lending Kaitannya Platform yang Melakukan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum,” Privat Law, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 209-217, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.20961/privat.v11i2.48758.
Diansari, Rani Eka, “Melihat Lembaga Keuangan Anjak Piutang Dibandingkan Perbankan Dilihat dari Aspek Hukum,” Performance, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 31-46, Mei 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.24929/feb.v10i1.970.
N. A. Aminuddin, “Legislasi Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Fenomena Financial Technology Peer to Peer Lending di Indonesia,” Hukum dan Pembangunan Ekonomi., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 80–94, Jul. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.20961/hpe.v9i1.52609.
Mauly, Denayu Natasya, “Hukum Sebagai Pengatur Dan Pelindung Kehidupan Sosial Individu Dan Masyarakat,” Unes Law Review, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 9248-9259, Mei 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i3.
“U.C.C. - ARTICLE 9 - SECURED TRANSACTIONS (2010),” LII / Legal Information Institute. Accessed: Jan. 30, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc/9
Klapper, Leora, “The Role of Factoring for Financing Small and Medium Enterprises,” Journal of Banking & Finance., vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 3111-3130, Nov. 2006, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2006.05.001.
A. Xu, “A New Solution Concerning Choice-of-Law For The Assignment of Debts,” Int. Comp. Law Q., vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 665–696, Jul. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589321000166.
Downloads
Additional Files
Posted
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 UMSIDA Preprints Server
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
