The Influence of Intellectual Capital, Zakat Performance Ratio, and Non-Performing Financing on the Financial Performance of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia with Good Corporate Governance as a Moderating Variable
Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Zakat Performance Ratio, dan Non-Performing Financing terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia dengan Good Corporate Governance sebagai Variabel Moderasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.11109Keywords:
Intellectual Capital, Zakat Performance Ratio, Non Performing Financing, Financial Perfomance, Good Corporate GovarnanceAbstract
This study aims to examine the effect of Intellectual Capital, Zakat Performance Ratio, and Non-Performing Financing on financial performance, with Good Corporate Governance as a moderating variable in Islamic Commercial Banks. This study used secondary data from the financial statements of Islamic Commercial Banks registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) during 2019–2024. The sample consisted of 50 observations selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26. The results show that Intellectual Capital and Non-Performing Financing have a negative and significant effect on financial performance, while Zakat Performance Ratio has a positive and significant effect. Good Corporate Governance weakens the effect of Intellectual Capital and Non-Performing Financing but strengthens the effect of Zakat Performance Ratio on financial performance. These findings indicate that resource management, social responsibility, financing quality, and governance influence the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks.
References
Y. Safitri, R. D. A. Parmitasari, and F. Bakhtiar, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Social Responsibility, dan Islamic Social Reporting Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia,” vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 712–733, 2025.
Y. Sari and S. R. Hayati, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital dan Islamicity Performance Index terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Periode 2019-2023,” vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 2381–2400, 2025, doi: 10.47467/alkharaj.v7i7.7999.
Y. M. Nengtyas and S. Hermawan, “Modal Intelektual Meningkatkan Nilai Perusahaan di Industri Farmasi Indonesia,” no. 3, pp. 1–22, 2024.
M. N. Isnaini and M. Irsyad, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Islamicity Performance Index Pada Kinerja Bank Umum Syariah Indonesia,” vol. 6, pp. 194–206, 2024.
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia, “Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahu 2008 Tentang Perbankan Syariah,” 2008.
Z. Akbar and S. Hermawan, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Islamicity Performance Index dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Di Indonesia (Periode 2016 – 2021),” 2021.
W. Wastuti, R. A. Prasetyowati, and R. Anggraini, “Financing Growth and Bank Risk: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia,” vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–20, 2024.
A. Izzudin and M. I. Irfany, “Intellectual Capital and Profitability of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia,” vol. 5, no. 1, 2025.
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, “Statistik Perbankan Syariah,” Jakarta, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, “Statistik Perbankan Syariah,” Jakarta, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah
M. A. Saputri, Lindrianasari, and U. Syaipudin, “Islamicity Performance Index in Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia & Malaysia,” vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 211–224, 2024.
F. Sagantha, “Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance terhadap Islamicity Performance Index pada Bank,” vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 22–28, 2023.
S. Hermawan, A. Hanif, S. Biduri, Nurasik, and P. Wijayanti, “Intellectual Capital , Corporate Social Responsibility , and Good Corporate Governance on Banking Financial Performance in Indonesia,” vol. 183, no. Ambec 2020, pp. 10–16, 2021.
T. P. Alifiyah and Z. A. Adiwijaya, “Pengaruh Islamic Corporate Governance , Sharia Compliance , dan Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan,” vol. 7, no. 2, 2025, doi: 10.32877/ef.v7i2.2486.
N. Hidayah, W. Wastuti, and S. S. Nasution, “The Role of Financing and Zakat on the Performance of Indonesian Islamic Banks Development the Number of BUS and UUS Entities in Indonesia,” 2022, doi: 10.4108/eai.19-7-2022.2329724.
H. Ernanto and S. Hermawan, “Pengaruh BOPO, CAR, Dan NPF Terhadap Simpanan Mudharabah (Studi Pada Perbankan Syariah Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Periode 2016-2018 ),” vol. 14, pp. 1–14, 2022.
D. A. Putri and R. Raflis, “Pengaruh Struktur Modal Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi ( studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur industri Pariwisata dan Rekreasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2020 – 2022,” vol. 01, no. 04, pp. 700–713, 2024.
Nasirwan, M. A. Ridha, and D. Juliani, “Does intellectual capital efficiency improve islamic banking performance ? The moderating effect of islamic governance,” vol. 25, no. 1, 2024, doi: 10.18196/jai.v25i1.20786.
B. Sasmita and H. Wijaya, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Leverage, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan,” vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 459–468, 2023.
L. Hafifi and N. Sebrina, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan,” vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 156–176, 2025.
B. Prayogo and F. E. Yudiana, “The Effect Of Zakat Performing Ratio On Financial Performance Of Sharia Commercial Banks Moderated By Sharia Banking Company Size ( Study on Islamic Commercial Banks 2016-2020 Period ),” pp. 13–23, 2020.
J. Hikam, M. R. Basalamah, and D. D. Fakhriyyah, “Pengaruh Non Performing Financing (NPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), dan Biaya Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia 2020-2024,” vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 20–29, 2025.
R. P. Astuti, “Pengaruh CAR , FDR , NPF , Dan BOPO Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah,” vol. 8, no. 03, pp. 3213–3223, 2022.
K. A. Yayan and R. N. A. Putri, “Pengaruh CAR, BOPO, NPF, dan FDR Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia (Studi Kasus Tahun 2018 – 2022),” vol. 6, no. 01, pp. 24–38, 2024.
F. Fakhrunnas, R. Austi, and M. B. H. Anto, “Determinants of non- performing financing in Indonesian Islamic banks : A regional and sectoral analysis,” 2022, doi: 10.21511/bbs.17(4).2022.07.
F. Amanda, A. Eliza, and R. F. Ramadani, “Impact of Internal and External Factors on Non-Performing Financing in Indonesia ’ s Islamic Commercial Banks,” vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 138–151, 2025.
S. Hermawan, W. Hariyanto, and N. Fediyanto, “Keterkaitan The Resources Based Theory dengan Intellectual Capital Disclosure, Implementasi pada Website, dan Respon Manajemen Perguruan Tinggi,” vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 55–69, 2020.
T. S. Sutjipto and S. Hadi, “Intellectual Capital And its Impact On The Profitability of Islamic Banks in Indonesia,” vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 318–338, 2024, doi: 10.20473/jeba.V34I22024.318-338.
T. Wahyudi and G. Puspita, “Intellectual Capital on Zakat Performance With Corporate Governance as an Intervening variable in Sharia Commercial Banks,” vol. 8, no. 19, pp. 250–263, 2022.
Y. Shara, A. Kholis, and A. Ikhsan, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Bank Syariah di Malaysia Tahun 2019-2020,” vol. 8, no. April, pp. 1722–1731, 2024.
R. A. Phillips, J. B. Barney, R. E. Freeman, and J. S. Harrison, “Stakeholder Theory,” 2019.
D. F. Wulan, “Stakeholder Pressure and Sustainability Report Quality in Indonesia,” vol. 9, no. 51, pp. 1–13, 2025.
L. Suryani and R. Wijayanti, “Kinerja Bank Syariah : Pengungkapan Icsr Berdasarkan Teori Stakeholder dari Perspektif Islam,” vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 478–486, 2022.
S. Hermawan and W. Rini, “Pengelolaan Dana Zakat , Infaq , Dan Shadaqah Perspektif Shariah Enterprise Theory,” vol. 1, no. 2012, pp. 12–24, 2016.
M. Yusufa, E. S. Dasawaty, M. A. Esra, P. Apriwenni, C. Meiden, and M. Fahlevi, “Integrated reporting , corporate governance , and financial sustainability in Islamic banking,” vol. 12, pp. 273–290, 2024, doi: 10.5267/j.uscm.2023.9.022.
M. Asutay and Ubaidillah, “Examining the Impact of Intellectual Capital Performance on Financial Performance in Islamic Banks,” J. Knowl. Econ., pp. 1231–1263, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s13132-023-01114-1.
A. Azis, S. Haerani, and A. R. Laba, “Good Corporate Governance as A Moderator In The Relationship Between Financial Ratios And Profitability Of Islamic Commercial Banks In Indonesia,” vol. 32, no. 2015, pp. 1549–1554, 2025.
S. Mabruroh and I. D. Maharany, “The Impact of Islamicity Performance Index and Non-Performing Financing on Profitability of Islamic Banking in Indonesia Period 2014-2023,” vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 115–128, 2025.
A. Z. Janah and R. S. Muharrami, “Determinants of Financial Performance of Islamic Banking in Indonesia : the Role of Zakat , CSR , and CEI,” pp. 69–84, 2025.
F. H. Atkiyan, “The Effect of NPF , BOPO , and FDR on the Profitability ( ROA ) of Bank NTB Syariah,” vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 832–838, 2025.
A. V. Veni, N. Sucipto, and W. A. Sulistyowati, “Implementation of Good Corporate Governance in Supporting Financial Performance of Indonesian Islamic Banking Post Merger,” vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 605–618, 2024.
J. M. Simanjutak, F. Faizi, and A. S. Kusuma, “The Moderating Role of SSB Conflicts of Interest and Audit Committee Independence in Good Corporate Governance and Islamic Bank Performance in Indonesia,” pp. 1–17, 2025.
S. Musa, M. H. Masri, and M. binti Hamdan, “Sharia Supervisory Board, Board Attributes and Real Earnings Management in Islamic Banks,” vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 147–174, 2025.
S. Hermawan and W. Hariyanto, Buku Ajar Metode Penelitian Bisnis ( Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif ). Sidoarjo: Umsida Press, 2022.
Prof. Dr. Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2023.
D. A. Cahyani, J. Susyanti, and I. Hidayati, “Analisis Pengaruh Profit Sharing Ratio ( PSR ), Zakat Performance Ratio ( ZPR ), Equitable Distribution Ratio ( EDR ), dan Dana Pihak Ketiga ( DPK ) Terhadap Return On Assets ( ROA ) pada Bank Umum Syariah 2019-2023,” vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 418–425, 2025.
L. Syahputri and F. Saragih, “Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia,” vol. 8, pp. 673–685, 2024.
I. Puspita and Mariana, “Analisis Pengaruh Intellectual Capital dan Islamic Performance Index Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia,” vol. 2, no. 02, 2023.
N. Dwi and S. L. Kurniawati, “The Effect of Islamic Corporate Governance, Intellectual Capital and Sharia Compliancec on the Profitability of Sharia Commercial Banks,” no. Ic, pp. 24–33, 2020.
I. Ulum, “Model Pengukuran Kinerja Intellectual Capital dengan Ib-Vaic Di Perbankan Syariah,” vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 185–206, 2013.
L. Mu’alifah, Afifudin, and I. Hidayati, “Analisis Profit Sharing Ratio, Zakat Performance Ratio dan Equitable Distribution Ratio Terhadap Kinerja Bank Syariah,” vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 270–280, 2024.
A. Nabila and M. I. Rahmawati, “Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance, Leverge, dan Likuiditas Terhadap Prfitabilitas,” 2023.
W. O. Putri and Y. Rahayu, “Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia,” 2023.
Prof. H. Imam Ghazali, Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 26 Edisi 10. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro, 2021.
H. Olivia, G. A. Athar, T. A. Nasution, and S. Hidayat, “Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan Syariah : Tinjauan dari Intellectual Capital Pada BNI Syariah,” vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 97–103, 2021, doi: 10.47065/ekuitas.v3i2.1068.
H. I. Sari and A. Wijoyo, “Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah Periode 2020 – 2024,” vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 1561–1574, 2025.
R. Rahmaniar, “Analisis Dampak Islamicity Performance Index dan Modal Intelektual terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia,” vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 186–199, 2020.
R. P. Putri, Widiawati, and R. Husni, “Peran Intellectual Capital dalam Memoderasi Pengaruh Islamicity Performance Index Terhadap Profitabilitas,” vol. 3, pp. 57–75, 2022.
Mahdalena, H. E. Puteri, R. T. Baskara, and Jamainida, “Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah ( BPRS ) di Indonesia dengan Model Value Added Intellectual Capital ( VAIC ) Periode 2016-2020,” vol. 9, no. 03, pp. 4373–4383, 2023.
I. Imron and N. Saadati, “1Pengaruh Profit Sharing Ratio Zakat Performance Ratio Islamic Income Ratio Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah Dengan Intellectual Capital Sebagai Variabel Moderasi,” vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 725–734, 2023.
A. I. Rahmawati and M. Rofiuddin, “Islamicity Performance Index dan Good Corporate Governance dalam Mempengaruhi Kinerja Keuangan yang di Moderasi Intellectual Capital,” vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 31–46, 2023.
H. Mukaomah, I. Faridah, and T. N. Anisah, “Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance ( GCG ) Terhadap Kinerja Bank Syriah,” vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 654–669, 2024.
Downloads
Additional Files
Posted
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 UMSIDA Preprints Server

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.