Analysis of Elementary School Students’ Speaking Ability in Indonesian Language Learning: A Study Based on John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory

Analisis Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa Sekolah Dasar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia: Kajian Teori Kelekatan John Bowlby

Abstract

peaking ability is a faundamental skill for elementary school students in Indonesian languange learning, as it supports communication, active participation, and the expression of ideas. Nevertheless, students’ speaking performance often varies and is influenced not only by linguistic mastery but also by emotional factors. This study aim to describe the speaking ability of elementary school students and to examine the factors influluencing it through the perspective of John Bowlby’s attachment theory. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case design involving fourth-grade students. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that most stuents demonstrate good speaking ability in tearms of self-confidence, pronunciation accuracy, vocabularu use, relevance os spoken content, and nonverbal expression. Students with secure attachment tend to speak more fluently, confidently, and conherently, whereas those with insecure attachment display hestitation and limited oral participation. Furthermore, supportive teacher-student interactions play a crucial role in fostering