Transient Thermal Analysis of Friction Stir Spot Welding of ST-35 Steel: The Effect of Rotational Speed and Friction Pressure Variations on Temperature Distribution
Transient Thermal Analysis pada Friction Stir Spot Welding Baja ST-35: Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Putar dan Tekanan Gesek Terhadap Distribusi Suhu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.10364Keywords:
Friction Stir Welding, ST-35 Steel, Transient Thermal Analysis, Taguchi Method, Maximum TemperatureAbstract
This study investigates the thermal response of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process on ST-35 steel using ANSYS-based transient thermal simulation and parameter optimization through the Taguchi method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The studied parameters include tool rotational speed (RPM), axial force, initial surface temperature, and mesh type. Maximum temperature (Tmax) is used as the main indicator, with a reference of 30% of the melting temperature of ST-35 steel (±450 °C). The results show that RPM has the most significant influence on Tmax. Mean-based Taguchi analysis identifies the optimal condition at 1050 RPM, 8000 N axial force, 60 °C initial temperature, and hexahedral meshing, yielding a predicted mean Tmax of 348.677 °C. ANOVA confirms the dominance of RPM with a 92.85% contribution
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