Relationship between Consumption of Herbal Medicine and Smoking Habits on Kidney Function and COHb Levels in Pedicab Drivers at Bhayangkara Hospital Pusdik Sabhara Porong
Hubungan Konsumsi Jamu Sachet dan Kebiasaan Merokok terhadap Fungsi Ginjal dan Kadar COHb pada Tukang Becak di RS Bhayangkara Pusdik Sabhara Porong
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.10219Keywords:
Herbs, Cigarettes, A pedicab driver, COHb, Kidney FunctionAbstract
Pedicab drivers are informal workers vulnerable to environmental exposure, particularly carbon monoxide (CO).Many also smoke and regularly consume herbal sachets. This study involved 25 pedicab drivers around Bhayangkara Pusdik Sabhara Porong Hospital, of whom 22 routinely consumed herbal medicine. The study aimed to examine the relationship between herbal consumption and smoking habits with kidney function (urea, creatinine, uric acid) and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels using a quantitative experimental approach. Results showed that all respondents had COHb and creatinine levels within normal ranges, and 72% had normal uric acid and creatinine levels. Spearman analysis revealed significant negative correlations between herbal consumption and urea (r = −0.470; p = 0.018), creatinine (r = −0.465; p = 0.019), uric acid (r = −0.563; p = 0.003), and COHb(r = −0.585; p = 0.002). Cigarette consumption was positively correlated with COHb (r = 0.444; p = 0.026) and creatinine (r = 0.426; p = 0.034).
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